Which method involves one-to-one interaction between the researcher and the participant, often utilizing the same questions?

The method that involves one-to-one interaction between the researcher and the participant, often utilizing the same questions, is an interview. This format allows for in-depth dialogue, where the interviewer can ask a series of prepared questions to gather detailed responses from the participant. Interviews are particularly effective for exploring complex topics, as they enable the researcher to ask follow-up questions, clarify responses, and adapt the conversation based on the participant's answers. This personalized interaction can reveal insights that might not emerge in more structured methods like surveys or focus groups.

Surveys generally involve a larger group of participants completing a questionnaire, therefore lacking the interactive element characteristic of interviews. Focus groups involve discussions among a small group of participants, which can lead to different dynamics and insights but do not facilitate one-to-one questioning. Observation typically involves the researcher watching participants without direct interaction, limiting the depth of understanding that can be achieved through personal engagement.