Which term describes the principle of fairness in treatment and opportunity within a society?

The principle of fairness in treatment and opportunity within a society is best described by the term "equality." This concept encompasses the idea that all individuals should have the same rights and opportunities, ensuring that everyone is treated with the same level of respect and has access to the same resources, regardless of their background or identity. In the context of social justice, equality advocates for the elimination of barriers that might prevent individuals from fully participating in society, highlighting the importance of equal treatment and opportunities for all members.

In contrast, discrimination refers to unjust or prejudicial treatment of individuals based on characteristics such as race, gender, or socioeconomic status. Empowerment focuses on enabling individuals or groups to gain control over their lives and make their own decisions, which, while important, does not directly address the broader systemic principle of fairness. Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs and practices should be understood based on their culture, rather than judged against the criteria of another culture; while it promotes understanding and tolerance, it does not inherently imply fairness or equality in treatment and opportunity within a society.